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station houston this is uh stations

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houston space to ground two you ready

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we are ready for the event

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great middle school this is mission

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control houston please call the station

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for a voice

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very nice

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station this is creighton middle school

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middle school this is space station we

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good morning captain dan burbank and

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flight engineer don pettit i'm ann

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carboni 7th grade team leader at

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creighton and nasa volunteer solar

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system educator on behalf of the

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students and faculty at creighton middle

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school richland district 1 in columbia

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south carolina i'd like to welcome you

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and thank you very much for taking the

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time to answer our questions today and

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hello dan

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my name is alexis

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and here is my question what obstacles

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did you go through to become an

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hi lexi welcome aboard the international

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space station to you and to all your

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classmates and the teachers and staff

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from creighton middle school i think i

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like many of the other astronauts and

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cosmonauts in the space program probably

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went through a number of obstacles to

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get here number one i think was probably

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a personal one and that is

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i had to have enough self-confidence

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when i was younger to believe that this

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was something that i could do

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and in my case

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it wasn't until i was an adult and

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already a coast guard pilot and engineer

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that i applied to nasa and i was one of

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many many people that applied to to

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become an astronaut and the first time i

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applied i was not selected the second

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time i was also not selected and finally

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on the third time i was selected so

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persistence

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the lesson to just keep trying even if

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you don't succeed the first time was

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hello don my question

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my name is christina and my question is

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how do you stay in contact with your

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we could stay in contact with our family

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by using

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s-band and ku band radios that we have

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on space station these are different

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parts of the electromagnetic spectrum

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and we use these radios to

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talk to our families in private family

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conferences

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and we actually have video as well so

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i can see

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my name is meredith quarles and i'd like

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to know what is the most surprising

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that's a really hard question to answer

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when you live

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on the international space station live

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in space um every day there's something

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new and surprising that you see probably

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for me the most surprising thing i saw

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was um on december 20th uh shortly

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before christmas um it was nighttime and

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space station was flying over

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australia

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the sun was just about ready to rise and

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before it did i saw a bright streak of

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light that extended from where the sun

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was about to come over the horizon all

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the way up as far as i could see and i

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didn't know what could have caused that

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and i've i've seen lots and lots of

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stars from space i've seen lots of night

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time lots of daytime views of the earth

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and this was something entirely new and

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it turns out it was a big surprise to a

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lot of people and it was a comet a brand

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new comet that had just survived a close

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encounter with the sun and was on its

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way back out to the outer solar system

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and it was probably the first few hours

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her first day at least anyways before it

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just came by the back side of the sun

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my name is lauren kuzada and here is my

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question

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have you discovered any effects that

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space may have on the growth of a living

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all right

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there there are a number of different

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effects on growing organisms on space

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station and maybe the prime example of

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that is us uh the crew on space station

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and and and one thing that happens is

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your bones can decalcify and we do

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exercise to

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counteract the bone decalcification

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another thing that can happen is is your

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muscles can shrink and again the

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exercise helps that in terms of growing

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plants

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a weightless environment you you often

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need to have a pretty sophisticated

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terrarium that provides all kinds of

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things for them and can handle the

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fluids and and as far as the plants grow

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they seem to grow pretty much the same

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thank you

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my name is kennedy

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what is an example of an experiment you

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have worked on while on the iss that

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will have a potentially positive effect

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hi katie there's a lot of experiments

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we're doing onboard space station right

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now a lot of them are life sciences

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experiments a lot of them are

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understanding how to keep humans healthy

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in space long enough to go to distant

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destinations like the moon and mars

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and some of them are basic physical

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science kinds of experiments for example

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i think in the field in your field of

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view right now towards the very upper

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part of it there's two racks that are

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right near us right now

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that have been in use over uh including

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this past week and and also in the

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previous months and those

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the experiments we had going on in those

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racks um were specifically targeted

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for a better understanding how

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combustion works in a very very pure

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sense something that we can't replicate

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on earth because of the gravity-induced

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effects of convection and how that

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influences

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flames so here we can study in an

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absolutely perfectly pure environment

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and isolate the effects of gravity for

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example and better understand how

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combustion works how sooting works how

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the production of dust and combustion

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products work byproducts works and by so

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doing better understand it so that

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through a whole host of different

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industries on the ground we can use

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those cut that kind of knowledge to make

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thank you

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my name is samantha and my question is

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do you have a ritual or a tradition that

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well when we flew on the space shuttle

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we would have a

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breakfast a crew breakfast before we'd

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uh get on our spacesuits and roll out to

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the launch pad in russia we go to

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the criminal wall and we pay our

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respects to

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the yuri gagarin and and other heroes of

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the soviet union that are entombed

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thank you

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my name is nehemiah

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and here's my question why do astronauts

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that's a great question it's a very

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important one

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it turns out that we adapt very very

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quickly to whatever environment we're in

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and the way i think about it this is a

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little bit like the use it or lose it

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philosophy or rule so what happens here

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is your bones are just as strong as they

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need to be your muscles are just as

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strong as they need to be

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the the organisms or the

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the organs in your inner ear that help

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maintain your balance are tuned exactly

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the way they need to be for us to be

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operating wherever we are and for you

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right now and for us before we launch

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that was on planet earth so here in

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space our bones don't have to be

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terribly strong so our body will get rid

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of the calcium the minerals and the

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bones and they'll be strong enough to do

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the things that we do up here our

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muscles don't need to be as strong our

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bloods our circulatory system and our

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cardiovascular system that supports

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exercise doesn't have to be tuned quite

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the way it is on earth to be able to

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operate in space so what we have to do

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here is if we were going to live in

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space forever then this would be fine we

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wouldn't need to exercise we would

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become creatures of space and be

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perfectly adapted to it but we want to

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return home we want to go back to our

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families and returning home means

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returning back to the 1g gravity

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environment of planet earth so that

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means we have to exercise an awful lot

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by at least our normal standards on

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earth so we we exercise two and a half

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hours a day and that includes

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running or bicycling

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and it also includes weight lifting or

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the form of weight lifting that we can

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do up here and that is crucial for us to

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be healthy after the flight

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my name is diamond and i'd like to know

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what is the most exciting experiment you

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one science experiment that i'm working

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on is actually

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working on me

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and that's this exercise protocol called

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sprint where i do real heavy-duty

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workouts

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and

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collection to see how that affects

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your your muscle volume

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and

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how it affects your bone density that's

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an exciting project another exciting

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project is this marangoni convection

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experiment involves taking liquids and

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drawing them out into a long liquid

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cylinder so you got this bridge as we

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call it and then you look at how the

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liquid gets stirred around when you heat

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one end of it and it's what we call

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fundamental science and learning the

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principles of the fundamental science is

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really really interesting

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hello my name is ian and i wanted to

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know has there ever been a malfunction

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on the space station and if so how did

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as a matter of fact

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if you have a space station or a

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spaceship as big as this one i think it

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would be impossible to have it operate

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without ever having any excitement or

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any malfunctions in the hardware and

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this is about a million pounds worth of

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spaceship it's a huge laboratory so we

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get our share of various malfunctions

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thankfully none of them serious uh this

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weekend on sunday morning for instance

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we had a malfunction with one of the

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electrical power system boxes uh we've

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got giant uh solar arrays probably about

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an acre worth that gather the sun's

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energy and turn it into electrons to run

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all the experiments to run all the life

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support equipment that we have and

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basically everything on board space

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station and one of the components in

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that very complicated uh and very

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capable system actually had a problem it

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basically

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spontaneously rebooted itself if you

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will if your computer were to just power

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down and power back up wasn't anything

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serious it required

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more work on the process on the part of

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the people in mission control

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that had to reconfigure the systems to

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recover from that but the space station

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is pretty well designed so that if

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things like that happen uh there are

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backup systems that automatically step

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in in place so for us we heard some some

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alarms we got up we saw some messages

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space station was flying along just fine

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and it took a few hours later and

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everything was back completely to normal

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now there's still be some some kinds of

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things that don and i or andre or oleg

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or anton ranatoli the six crew members

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here will have to actually put human

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hands on to fix and some of those

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systems include

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the the toilet system that we have here

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that is um a very refined very

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sophisticated one that converts

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urine believe it or not into very

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drinkable very pure water and it's an

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incredibly complicated system it's also

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a system that can help us understand how

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to uh purify water on planet earth and

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do it efficiently and effectively but

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occasionally it needs a little bit of

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help and whenever that happens when

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there's a problem with it we step in and

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we fix it and actually

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the maintenance part of keeping the

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space station running is one of the more

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interesting and uh and uh exciting you

303
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thank you

304
00:13:52,790 --> 00:13:49,990
hi my name is jacob and here is my

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question what do you do and it's your

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what do we do on space station

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it falls into

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two basic categories

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one we

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take care of space station we we

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maintain the systems we repair the

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systems and the second thing that we do

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is we do science experiments and

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engineering research

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and it's a lot like living on a sailboat

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where you spend a lot of your time just

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fixing the sailboat and then some of

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your time sailing the sailboat and and

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that's what you do when you live on a

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vehicle that's uh

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thank you

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my name is blythe and i would like to

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know what are some of the functions of

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robonaut and what is it like to work

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very timely question so right here in

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your field of view uh towards the right

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side of your screen you should see

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robonaut and uh he is

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designed as basically a technology

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demonstration experiment that basically

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understand how best to employ a robot on

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board a space station and right now he's

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all configured to work inside a space

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station we're doing checkouts right now

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on them but it's a very very very

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sophisticated capable

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robot it's uh it's hands and arms and

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neck and waist all told have about 40

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over 40 degrees of freedom that means he

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can move in almost as many ways as human

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beings can his hands are roughly human

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hand size so all the tools that we use

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on onboard space station he's perfectly

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well suited to use he's got in place of

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our eyes he's got two video cameras that

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actually are stereo optics so they can

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actually

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just like our eyes um that you know

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humanize we can actually um determine

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how far away something is by a process

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called parallax and he can do the exact

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same thing so he can interact with tools

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and various kinds of things and he can

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actually track his own hands as they

355
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move his fingers as they move interact

356
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with the equipment that we have here

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right now we're in checkout mode but

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down the road the kinds of things we'd

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like to do is have him do things that

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are routine

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that are maybe

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would be better suited for a robot than

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perhaps a human

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we would like to also be able to take

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him outside during a spacewalk there's a

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lot of things that we do that tend to be

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a little bit more dangerous than other

368
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things and the more dangerous things i

369
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think would be perfectly well suited for

370
00:16:40,079 --> 00:16:46,310
thank you

371
00:16:48,550 --> 00:16:47,430
hello

372
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don

373
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my name is emmanuel and my question is

374
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what recreational activities do you

375
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we spend most of our time working on

376
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space station we do have some off-duty

377
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time

378
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number of things you can do some of them

379
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are the same kinds of things you could

380
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do on earth like you can you could check

381
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your email and and and read and do

382
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things like that or

383
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you can go to one of any number windows

384
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that we have on space station and look

385
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out at planet earth and look out at our

386
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solar system and what i enjoy to do the

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most

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is looking out the window at this

389
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amazing solar system that we have

390
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or

391
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doing little science demonstrations

392
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that take advantage of the weightless

393
00:17:49,039 --> 00:17:53,510
thank you very much

394
00:18:09,270 --> 00:17:56,310
my name is hampton and i'd like to know

395
00:18:11,990 --> 00:18:11,190
hampton this is a very serious business

396
00:18:17,990 --> 00:18:12,000
we

397
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here uh but but no in all seriousness

398
00:18:21,510 --> 00:18:19,760
it's really difficult a question to

399
00:18:23,750 --> 00:18:21,520
answer i'm trying to think

400
00:18:25,750 --> 00:18:23,760
i guess probably in general i would say

401
00:18:27,669 --> 00:18:25,760
there's so many things that happen that

402
00:18:28,630 --> 00:18:27,679
are associated with being weightless

403
00:18:30,549 --> 00:18:28,640
that

404
00:18:32,150 --> 00:18:30,559
it takes your brain a little while to

405
00:18:34,310 --> 00:18:32,160
understand even after you've been here

406
00:18:36,310 --> 00:18:34,320
for months and months

407
00:18:38,310 --> 00:18:36,320
i would just put it this way it's really

408
00:18:39,590 --> 00:18:38,320
easy to lose things and it's very easy

409
00:18:42,390 --> 00:18:39,600
to lose things

410
00:18:44,390 --> 00:18:42,400
for quite a long time sometimes

411
00:18:46,630 --> 00:18:44,400
gravity is a really good organizer if

412
00:18:50,150 --> 00:18:46,640
you drop a tool or if you drop a toy or

413
00:18:53,350 --> 00:18:50,160
whatever it ends up on the xy plane of

414
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the floor if you drop something on space

415
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station and space station for example

416
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and that happens a lot it's very easy to

417
00:19:03,110 --> 00:18:59,760
have happen it goes anywhere xyz

418
00:19:05,750 --> 00:19:03,120
anywhere it wants and the airflow on

419
00:19:07,110 --> 00:19:05,760
space station typically takes it to one

420
00:19:09,750 --> 00:19:07,120
of several

421
00:19:12,230 --> 00:19:09,760
favorite locations and those are the

422
00:19:15,909 --> 00:19:12,240
the inlet screens for the ventilation

423
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system so every week or so when we do a

424
00:19:19,990 --> 00:19:18,320
good cleaning of space station it's a

425
00:19:23,750 --> 00:19:20,000
little bit like a treasure hunt and we

426
00:19:25,270 --> 00:19:23,760
can see whose spoon whose tool whose

427
00:19:26,950 --> 00:19:25,280
glasses

428
00:19:28,789 --> 00:19:26,960
turn up on some of these favorite little

429
00:19:29,669 --> 00:19:28,799
locations but

430
00:19:32,710 --> 00:19:29,679
i guess

431
00:19:34,789 --> 00:19:32,720
every day it's full of things that kind

432
00:19:39,270 --> 00:19:34,799
of make your brain stop and say well now

433
00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:44,230
thank you

434
00:19:48,230 --> 00:19:46,630
my name is quebe andre what are the

435
00:19:50,390 --> 00:19:48,240
different varieties of food that are

436
00:19:55,190 --> 00:19:50,400
offered on the iss and do you have to

437
00:19:59,110 --> 00:19:57,590
sometimes yeah do we have to eat food

438
00:20:00,549 --> 00:19:59,120
that we don't like well i guess it

439
00:20:03,029 --> 00:20:00,559
depends on if you want to go to bed

440
00:20:05,270 --> 00:20:03,039
hungry

441
00:20:06,870 --> 00:20:05,280
i have other we have other crew members

442
00:20:08,950 --> 00:20:06,880
off camera that are shaking their heads

443
00:20:10,470 --> 00:20:08,960
too uh we have

444
00:20:11,830 --> 00:20:10,480
the kind of food we have is sort of like

445
00:20:14,630 --> 00:20:11,840
camp and food

446
00:20:17,190 --> 00:20:14,640
and we've had we have dehydrated food

447
00:20:19,669 --> 00:20:17,200
dehydrated reef freeze dried food and

448
00:20:20,549 --> 00:20:19,679
all we do is squirt some either warm

449
00:20:25,190 --> 00:20:20,559
water

450
00:20:27,590 --> 00:20:25,200
and and then we we squish it around a

451
00:20:30,789 --> 00:20:27,600
bit and then cut open the package and

452
00:20:33,750 --> 00:20:30,799
and eat it out of the package or we have

453
00:20:36,710 --> 00:20:33,760
thermally stabilized packets and this is

454
00:20:38,230 --> 00:20:36,720
kind of like canned meat without the can

455
00:20:42,549 --> 00:20:38,240
and and so it's a

456
00:20:44,630 --> 00:20:42,559
foil a foil polymer package that

457
00:20:45,990 --> 00:20:44,640
that can keep meats and other products

458
00:20:47,430 --> 00:20:46,000
safe without having to have the the

459
00:20:50,070 --> 00:20:47,440
weight of a can

460
00:20:52,070 --> 00:20:50,080
and then we have drinks and it's kind of

461
00:20:53,909 --> 00:20:52,080
hard to have an open container in space

462
00:20:55,110 --> 00:20:53,919
station although there are ways that you

463
00:20:56,789 --> 00:20:55,120
could do that

464
00:20:59,270 --> 00:20:56,799
and we

465
00:21:01,430 --> 00:20:59,280
do drink most of our fluids from these

466
00:21:03,830 --> 00:21:01,440
bags it's kind of like a juice bag that

467
00:21:05,669 --> 00:21:03,840
you'd have from the grocery store but

468
00:21:08,310 --> 00:21:05,679
this is just an empty bag and we fill it

469
00:21:09,990 --> 00:21:08,320
full of water and sometimes it has

470
00:21:12,870 --> 00:21:10,000
grapefruit drink in it sometimes it has

471
00:21:19,350 --> 00:21:12,880
coffee and that's how we do our eating

472
00:21:23,430 --> 00:21:21,270
dan and don on behalf of creighton

473
00:21:25,669 --> 00:21:23,440
middle school students and faculty thank

474
00:21:38,789 --> 00:21:25,679
you so much and we wish you a pleasant

475
00:21:44,310 --> 00:21:40,470
and thank you for joining us it was

476
00:21:50,950 --> 00:21:44,320
great to have you aboard today

477
00:21:59,029 --> 00:21:52,789
station this is houston acr that

478
00:22:02,390 --> 00:22:00,870
and thank you creighton middle middle